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The GEF funds projects under four focal areas
- Biodiversity
- Climate Change
- Ozone Depletion
- International Waters
- Land Desertification
Pakistan’s portfolio includes:
Biodiversity:
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Mountain Areas Conservancy Project (MACP) (Budget
US$10,350,000):
The project aims at mitigating threats to biological diversity
in the Western Himalayan, Karakoram and Hindukush ranges of northern
Pakistan. The focus is on empowering local communities to manage
ecosystems and wild resources, making them accountable for the quality
of their stewardship. A representative sample of biomes will be
protected through the creation of four Conservancies (Managed Resource
Protected Areas). Within the conservancies, activities will engender
the in-situ conservation of habitats and species and promote sustainable
use of biological resources. The project will be implemented over
a period of 7-years, with GEF contribution of US $ 8.1 million and
US $ 1.5 and 0.75 million coming from UNDP and the government, respectively.
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Protection and Management of Pakistan Wetlands
Project (Budget US$367,000):
Pakistan's wetlands systems are of great significance
for breeding, migrating and wintering waterfowl. They constitute
a valuable resource of significant economic value, on which people,
domestic stock and wildlife depend for their livelihood and survival.
The overall objective of the proposed study is to undertake the
necessary preparatory work and lay a strong foundation for the successful
implementation of the full GEF project on Protection and Management
of Pakistan Wetlands.
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Conservation of Four Representative Protected
Areas of Pakistan through Community based Management (Preparatory
Phase Budget US$25,000):
The project aims at enhancing and upgrading the
national effort to conserve biodiversity in Pakistan by means of
community-based, sustainable management of four representative Protected
Areas (PAs). This project would demonstrate the improved management
of selected protected areas of global significance, thereby contributing
to enhanced conservation of the PA network in Pakistan. The preparatory
phase of the project is under progress, which would result into
a GEF medium-sized project of around US $ 1.5 million.
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Conservation of Balochistan Junipers through Community
Participation (Preparatory Phase Budget US$25,000): GEF-SGP
The project will assist in conserving the juniper
forest ecosystem covering an area of about 100,000 hectares in the
Ziarat and Zarghoon Hill Ranges in Balochistan. These forests contain
unique fauna and flora, having Sino-Himalayan, central Asian, Iranian
and Turkish affinities. The resource is of global significance and
represents one of the largest remaining tracts of Juniper excels
forest in the world. The juniper forests are a strong candidate
for designation as a protected area and a World Heritage Site. The
preparatory phase is under progress that would result into a medium-sized
GEF project of around US $ 2.0 million.
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Conservation of Habitats and Species of Global
Significance in Arid and Semi-Arid Ecosystems in Balochistan (Preparatory
Phase Budget US$21,000): The objectives of the project are to
maintain or increase biological diversity and ecosystem productivity.
Conservation of biological diversity greatly depends upon local
people who derive their subsistence from the natural resources.
Both Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and Biodiversity Action
Plan (BAP) of Pakistan place great stress on encouraging and protecting
the biological diversity through sustainable use and recognize the
need to support the local communities in this endeavor.
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Sustainable Management of Chilghoza Forest Ecosystem
in Suleiman Mountain Range
The Suleiman Mountain Range is an important area
of biodiversity having globally significant and endangered biodiversity
of Chilghoza (Pinus gerardiana) forests ecosystem. This project
will have substantial global benefits through the protection and
conservation of Suleiman Mountain's biodiversity and will help in
the development of model community-based conservation strategies
and approaches that can be transferred and replicated in other areas
of Pakistan having somewhat similar socio-cultural relations not
only in Pakistan but also in Afghanistan. Major objectives of the
Project can be broadly categorized as: improve the socio-economic
conditions of the local communities; control degradation of Chilghoza
forests; control hunting and trade of Markhor (capra falconeri)
and other important wildlife species; develop capacity of and create
awareness in the local communities for sustainable resource use.
(Budget US$1,500,000 approx.)
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Pakistan Protected Areas Management Project (Grant
Amount: GEF -US$10.08 million equivalent)
This project will help conserve nationally and
globally important habitats and species in Pakistan's three Protected
Areas of Machiara in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Hingol in Balochistan,
and Chitral Gol in the North-West Frontier Province. It will specifically
benefit the poor and women of the custodial communities, who make
the most intensive use of natural resources due to lack of other
opportunities, by providing skills training and micro-credit. The
project will seek to conserve natural habitats and arrest the decline
of species; improve the capacity of government agencies and community
institutions; improve collection of bio-diversity data; and support
environmental awareness campaigns for the general public, school
children and tourists.
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Printing of alternative textbooks for Rural School
Project (Budget US$ 50,000) GEF-SGP
The project will demonstrate that learning through the element of
environment brings about an interest in and respect for one's environment,
which in turn provides motivation for its conservation. The project
will involve 21 schools in Mirpur Sakro and incorporate these books
in the curriculum of primary classes and will train teachers in
environmental education.
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Conservation of Biodiversity & Sustainable
Irrigated Agriculture through Participatory Management of Watersheds
and Groundwater Resources (Budget US $ 49,875) GEF-SGP
Soan Valley Development Programme (SVDP) would promote sustainable
use of ground water resources to combat desertification by involving
communities and provide technical support to enhance agricultural
productivity, management of ground water resources, efficient use
of irrigation water and to introduce sustainable cropping systems.
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The Indus Dolphin Rescue Unit, Lahore Zoo (Budget
US$48,555) GEF-SGP
A project to establish an Indus Blind Dolphin Rescue Unit in Sukkur
in collaboration with the Sukkur Wildlife Department. The purpose
of this project is to identify, pick and bring back dolphins stranded
in the canals to their habitat. It will involve fishermen, villagers,
the Lahore Zoo and the Sindh Wildlife Department. In this regard
LZ has been contacted to provide technical guidance.
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Promotion of Ecotourism to Conserve Biodiversity
in Potohar Region (Budget US $ 45,400) GEF-SGP
Pakistan Ex-Servicemen Society (PESS) has an Eco-tourism project
in Lehri forest in the Salt Range. This is first ever conservation
project by PESS, an NGO with largest number of members and highly
trained people. The Potohar area has served as a nursery for soldiers
since British time, and as a consequence remained underdeveloped.
PESS wants to undertake development work to change this situation.
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Biodiversity conservation in sites of the "unique
habitat" of the woolly flying Squirrel in Northern Areas, Pakistan
(Budget US$42,802) GEF-SGP
This project aims to save the Woolly flying Squirrel
from extinction by conserving its habitat and reducing the negative
pressure of the communities living in or near the habitat of the
woolly flying squirrel by creating an awareness about conservation,
developing alternative livelihood sources to generate income for
the communities and promoting fuelwood plantations
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Conservation of Blind Indus Dolphin through Ecotourism
at Taunsa Barrage (Budget US$ 41,167) GEF-SGP
The Adventure Foundation of Pakistan (AFP) is
working on an Eco-tourism project in the Panjnad area, which is
habitat of the Indus Blind Dolphin, a fresh water dolphin-an endemic
unique species. This project aims at protection and conservation
of this rare species.
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Environment Education through Participatory Action
Learning (Budget US $ 40,814) GEF-SGP
The project targets to create environmental awareness
among school children by establishing nature/ environmental clubs
in low and middle-income urban areas of Rawalpindi and Islamabad.
The Project is being implemented by PIEDAR.
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Community based conservation of Straight-horned
markhor (Capra falconeri megaceros), Afghan Urial (Ovis orientalis
cycloceros) and associated biodiversity in Takatu Hills, Quetta-Pishin
Districts (Budget 39,120) GEF-SGP
This project aims at species conservation, control
on poaching, improvement of natural resources for alternative livelihood,
capacity building of community/ partners. Lessons learnt will be
shared with other stakeholders and interested organizations/ individuals.
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Education, Awareness and Training on Environment
- Sanjh Theatre Group (Budget US$31,696): GEF-SGP
Under this project a team of professionals will
prepare education and training material in Urdu for key partners
of GEF/SGP. Materials will include brochure, information books,
newsletter, GEF/SGP calendar, greeting cards etc. for NGOs, CBOs
and other stakeholders. Street theater is one of the main features
under this project. This will also include training programme for
proposal development in ten different localities with collaboration
of GEF/SGP partners organizations.
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Conservation of agricultural Eco-systems and Street
theatre for conservation awareness (Budget US$ 23,146): GEF-SGP
Hirak is a street theatre group that mobilizes
farmers in the rational use of pesticides. Their approach has been
very successful and they have been very effective in changing the
current practices of indiscriminate pesticide use in the Dera Ghazi
Khan.
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Conservation of Balochistan Black Bear through
Community Participation (Budget US $ 15,926) GEF-SGP
The Balochistan Black Bear Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus
is a threatened subspecies of the Asiatic Black Bear only found
in Balochistan and in some parts of southeastern Iran. This project
aims at conservation of this species through community participation.
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Khura Forest Training and Welfare Center (Budget
US$12,700) GEF-SGP
Khura village community volunteers are protecting their forest for
the past ten years. The proposed project will provide training and
replication facilities to other villages whose forests are highly
degraded. The training facility under this project will enable other
village communities to protect and develop their forests. Project
included training facilities, establishment of training center,
establishment of village reserve fund and survey of existing floral
and faunal resources.
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Community Based Protection of Sakesar range Forest,
Dhadhar (Budget US$11,048) GEF-SGP
The proposed project is to support government
action and legislation for community based protection of forest.
Under this project several formal groups of community guards will
be organized under a council of 10 villages in the area. Forest
based water ponds will be upgraded for community use. Several symposia
on the situation and award giving ceremonies will be held in order
to recognize the efforts of local communities and selected individuals
involved in protection of forest and natural resources.
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Survey of Pheasants in Pakistan (Budget US $ 10,309) GEF-SGP
World Pheasant Association (WPA) has conducted a survey of pheasants
in the Hazara area with SGP assistance over the last 3 years. The
project is nearing completion and a report is being formulated which
will detail a national action plan for conservation of pheasants.
This project has carried out ground breaking scientific work, and
has trained wildlife staff in scientific survey techniques for pheasants.
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Establishment of a revolving fund for plantation
of trees (Budget US $ 11,132) GEF-SGP
Col. Sher Social Welfare Organization proposed
to plant 25,000 saplings per year for a period of 5 years. The plan
is that NGO will identify farmers who will not only provide land
for planting trees but were also willing to take the responsibility
for their protection against grazing or other threats. The incentive
was also reduced to Re. 1 per surviving plant per year instead of
lumpsum amount for the original number of trees planted. The NGO
signed agreements with farmers that NGO will provide plants to them
during the first year and in the subsequent years it will provide
Re. 1 per surviving plant for the remaining four years and at the
time of the harvest the farmer will give away one fifth of the produce
to the NGO. The NGO will sell their share and revolve this money
to encourage more farmers to plant trees and sustain the initiative
NGO has started.
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Agro-biodiversity conservation in Daman area (Budget
US $ 27,507) GEF-SGP
The issue of loss of biodiversity in Daman area
is exacerbated by the recent change in agricultural pattern which
were almost non existent a decade ago. Quite recently, the area
has started shifting from rainfed farming to irrigated agriculture.
In contrast to the traditional and flexible means of livelihood
that they have been accustomed to for centuries- use of rainwater,
local seeds and forests will now begin to become scarce resources.
Loss of agrobotanical resources is in sight while soil degradation
and water shortage in future is feared. This project is a small
initiative to mitigate these effects by facilitating communities
in reducing those losses to agrobiodiversity that will impact farmer
communities, sometimes reducing household food security. Through
information-sharing and participatory conservation of seeds and
traditional agricultural practices we will facilitate farmers to
have more viable choices. These choices could include retention
of traditional and sustainable farming based on reuse of local seed
varieties that are usually essential to the household as food for
the family and feed for the livestock. The Project will lead to
in situ conservation of approximately six land race seeds: gram/chickpea,
mustard, varieties of wheat and sorghum will be achieved in the
fields and in the nursery of the DAMAN Seed Bank. The project's
Seed Bank will be able to preserve a good number of specimens (100
to 300 rare seeds and plants) of local land race seeds and (possibly)
some rare floral species will be identified, preserved and reused
in a sustainable way and known through reports to relevant research
organizations.
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Biodiversity Conservation in Mankial Valley by
local Communities (Budget US $ 50,000) GEF-SGP
The Mankial valley is highly mountainous and
the elevation rises from 5,600 to 17,000 ft at Koh-e-Shaheen, the
boundary between Kohistan and Swat districts. Apart from great variation
in altitude, the valley has a considerable variation in temperature
and precipitation. As a result it supports a variety of vegetation
from moist temperate forests to sub-alpine scrub and alpine meadow
types. The forest comprise of various species of trees like blue
pine, deodar, fir, spruce, bird cherry, walnut, acer and birch etc.
The valley is a home to a great diversity of wildlife. It supports
some of the endangered mammals including Snow leopard (Panthera
uncia) Common leopard (Panthera pardus), Markhor (Capra falconeri
cashmiriensis), Black bear (Selenarctos thibetanus), Musk deer (Moshchus
moschiferus) and Wolf (Canis lupus). All these species are included
in either in Appendix-I or Appendix-II of Convention of International
Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES). Yellow-throated
marten (Martes flavigula), Red fox (Vulpes vulpes), Pika (Ochotona
roylei), Golden marmot (Marmota caudata aurea) and Rhesus monkey
(Macaca mulatta) are also found in the valley. The valley also supports
a rich variety of bird fauna. Himalayan monal pheasant (Lophophorus
impejanus), Himalayan snow cock (Tetraogallus himalayansis), Snow
partridge (Lerwa lerwa) and Koklass pheasant (Pucrasia macrolopha)
are some of the key species. Except for Koklass pheasant, all the
other three species are endangered. The checklist of wild species
animals and birds has not been prepared as yet. This Project will
provide a basis for the conservation of globally important components
of biodiversity in valley.
Climate change:
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Fuel Efficiency in Road Transport Sector Project
(Budget US $ 7,000,000):
The project aims to reduce at-source emissions
of greenhouse gases and other pollutants by improving fuel efficiency
for transport vehicles in Pakistan. The project also aims to build
institutional capacity to review transport options, expand pilot
projects to tune-up urban vehicles, and develop options with regard
to technology transfer, regulations and pricing. The main activities
include 1) setting up of 15 tune-up stations throughout the country;
2) training of mechanics to conduct computerized tune-ups; 3) establishing
and operating a revolving loan fund for establishing additional
tune-up centres in the private sector; and 4) conducting policy
studies for further improvement of fuel efficiency in the road transport
sector.
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Kasur Tanneries Pollution Control Project (Budget
US$3,135,138):
This initiative is aiming at containing and reducing the environmental
deterioration caused by tannery waste, thus improving the overall
living and working conditions and creating an environmentally sustainable
development of the tanning industry. The project is being implemented
under a collaborative arrangement between the public and private
sector. The project will have positive impact on the communities
working inside the tanneries and those living in the surrounding
areas.
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Commercialization of Wind Power Potential in Pakistan
(Budget US$471,900):
The project has been cleared by GEF for carrying out a feasibility
study and collecting data for introducing wind power generation
in the coastal areas of Pakistan. The project will establish and
demonstrate the commercial viability of widespread harnessing of
wind energy in remote areas, help identify and overcome significant
barriers to future investment in this resource, and enable the scaling
up of the practical operations and demonstration of the technology
to a critical mass to attract potential entrepreneurs. It would
set in place a complete package of resource assessment, evaluation
of economic viability and marketability, and effective implementation
arrangements for future applications.
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Introduction and Promotion of Newly Developed
Gas Kits for Rickshaws in Quetta City (Budget US $ 50,000) GEF-SGP
"Taraqee" Trust of Quetta has undertaken to reduce green
house emissions leading to global warming by introducing 4000 CNG
gas kits in two stroke rickshaws in Quetta city through the provision
of credit to the rickshaw owners. The key stakeholders in this project
are Rickshaw Drivers Association, Pakistan Hydrocarbon Institute,
Canadian International Development Agency and Balochistan EPA.
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Protection of River Swat (Budget US $ 45,235)
GEF-SGP
In the last six years the number of hotels in
Kalam has increased from 20 to 114. The project aims at reducing
pollution of the river Swat resulting from dumping of solid and
liquid waste in and around the river. The project plans to involve
government and non-government organizations in controlling illegal
construction along the river Swat in the stretch of the river from
Kalam to Chakdara, and mobilize stakeholders to treat their sewage
before throwing it into the river.
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The Smokeless Stoves Project (Budget US$ 31,856)
GEF-SGP
This project is being implemented by the Escort
Foundation (EF) in the Changa Manga protected forest area. The objective
of the project is to disseminate training in manufacturing of low
cost fuel- efficient stoves in villages near Changa Manga. The project
aims for: i) relieving women from the burden of fuel wood collection
ii) reducing deforestation iii) reducing cooking and cleaning time.
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Water Quality Monitoring of Hadiara Drain (Budget
US$ 27,720):
WWF is working towards reducing pollution in the Hudiara Drain,
an international waterway. This drain originates in Batala, India
and crosses over to Pakistan with contaminated water, that is used
by local farmers for irrigation. In this research and information
gathering project water quality monitoring will be undertaken.
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Capacity building of Caritas Pakistan to promote
fuel efficient cooking technologies (Budget US $ 11,468)
GEF-SGP
To provide training to the field staff of Caritas
Pakistan as trainers in fuel efficient Cookstoves. There are approximately
30 social organizers working in each of their 6 regional offices
and Caritas works with approximately 40,000 households throughout
the country. The project will train the Animators of Caritas Pakistan
as Master Trainers for further training the community women in their
project area in constructing and maintaining fuel efficient stoves.
This small grant will help in making fuel efficient stoves project
a part of Caritas Pakistan's development programme and will become
a regular activity of Caritas along with their social mobilization
and agricultural improvement programme.
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Fuel Efficient stove project - Sahiwal (Budget
US $ 9,901) GEF-SGP
Partner CBO of PRSP Sahiwal will replicate the
success story of Escorts Foundation and will train rural woman in
constructing fuel efficient cooking stove for reducing the demand
of fuel wood and establish revolving fund for tree plantation.
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Fuel Efficient stove project - Sargodha (Budget
US $ 8,618) GEF-SGP
Partner CBO of PRSP Sargodha will replicate the
success story of Escorts Foundation and will train rural woman in
constructing fuel efficient cooking stove for reducing the demand
of fuel wood and establish revolving fund for tree plantation.
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Environmental Protection with increase in Income
(Budget US $ 42,647) GEF-SGP
The project will promote LPG kits in auto rickshaw
to reduce carbon emissions by replacing gasoline with LPG by eliminating
barriers in promotion of LPG kits in auto rickshaws. Though in case
of LPG carbon content is not very low as compared to gasoline but
With LPG the auto rickshaws can give better mileage. With 1 litre
of gasoline an auto rickshaw on average covers 18 km whereas in
case of LPG the rickshaw travels upto 52 km on average in 1 kg LPG.
1 kg LPG is equivalent to 1.346 litres of gasoline. Thus with 1
kg of LPG a rickshaw covers 26 km more than same quantity of gasoline.
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Sustainable energy consumption and environment
protection (Budget US $ 27,507) GEF-SGP
To create awareness on energy conservation and train CSOs in areas
of energy losses and their environmental and economic implications
for consumers and the country. The project will create awareness
after carrying out research on energy efficient appliance and the
brands and will widely disseminate this information to the public.
By doing so the project will not only aware users to look for energy
efficient appliances but will also build pressure on producers of
those appliances to improve the quality of their products.
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Introduction and promotion of fuel-efficient Cookstoves
in villages of Haripur (Budget US $ 48,755) GEF-SGP
Rural Development Project will replicate the
success story of Escorts Foundation for which Escorts Foundation
has provided training to the staff of RDP. The Smokeless stove generates
heat in a smaller area and is well insulated by mud and brick enclave
resulting in a smaller amount of fuel wood needed to generate the
same amount of heat in an open fire. The lesser amount of smoke
resulting from a smokeless stove compared to open fire cooking reduces
the amount of harmful gas emissions, including carbon dioxide and
carbon monoxide, contributing to the Green House Effect.
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Proposal for GEF/SGP outreach and communication
(Budget US $ 23,453) GEF-SGP
The project will conduct GEF/SGP Orientation workshops for communities
working with RSP network, will develop materials for GEF/SGP and
train CBOs and NGOs in different development modules.
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Energy Conservation in Chak Pansial (Budget US
$ 11,037) GEF-SGP
The primary source of energy in Chak Pansial
and surrounding villages is fuelwood, which is used for cooking
throughout the year and for heating for three months from November
to February. Fuelwood is mostly collected from people's own lands,
and only a few people need to buy it. However, in the last decade
or so, fuelwood supplies have seriously depleted, and it is becoming
apparent that more and more families will have to resort to buying
fuelwood or other heating fuels in the future. The cost of fuelwood
in the area is currently about Rs. 60 a maund, depending on the
season, the type of wood etc. Local use estimates suggest that one
maund of fuelwood lasts for barely 2 to 3 days in winter. In summer,
fuelwood is used only for cooking and one maund of wood can last
up to a week. Fuelwood collection is primarily carried out by the
women of the household, and is a time consuming job, with one woman
spending on an average 15 hours a week on fuelwood collection in
summer, and more in the three winter months. The stoves used in
the households are generally of an open design, which are inefficient
in terms of fuel utilization and also have significant health effects
for the women who use them in close proximity for up to five hours
a day. In winter, when the stoves are used inside closed rooms,
the health effects may be even more significant and are manifested
in respiratory diseases, skin infections and eye diseases.
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Install Windmills to pump water in Khuda ki Basti
1 & 3 (Budget US $ 24,166) GEF-SGP
Project will introduce windmills for water pumping
in low income settlements of Karachi and Hyderabad. Installation
of windmill will provide water to the residents of Khuda Ki Basti
for toilet and washing purposes. After partial treatment of sewerage
water will be used for tree plantation and greenery that will have
impact on improvement of the environment and quality of life and
also increase productivity of the community. These windmills will
displace use of electricity generated from thermal power thus will
contribute to reduction in emissions of green house gases.
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Proposal for Appropriate Building Design for Uch
and Other Cities of Southern Punjab (Budget US $ 50,000)
GEF-SGP
The remaining historic houses built in the traditional
vernacular of Uch also need preservation, and of the least documentation
before these irreplaceable examples of indigenous craftsmanship
are struck down by careless planning and other market forces. Built
after centuries of trial and error, these houses fulfil the cultural
needs of the residents and the climatic restraints of the environment
keeping in mind the resources of the owner/builder, moreover no
new buildings can really replicate what they offer. These houses
are not just architectural monuments but valuable resources of great
educational value for the present and future generations of architects
designing in the region. Furthermore, keeping the present economic
conditions of Pakistan in mind, as well as the inflation rate of
the building materials and the ever increasing power tariffs it
is now imperative to address these issues and go back to the wisdom
of what is often derived as "traditional architecture' it is
important to thoroughly investigate these few remaining houses so
that we can begin to design contemporary architecture which is economically
viable culturally and climatically adaptive and most of all suited
to the lifestyle of the owners. If they are not documented at an
urgent basis these houses will also be lost and with them information
of vernacular architecture which has been developed, in response
to the climate of the region, according to the life style of the
citizens of Uch, using local materials-through experience over centuries).
Ozone:
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Institutional Strengthening for the Implementation
of Montreal Protocol (Budget US$259,000):
The project aims at creating a nodal unit within
the Ministry of Environment, which monitors the implementation progress
of the Montreal Protocol. The protocol requires phase-out of Ozone
Depleting Substances (ODS) under the agreed time-frame.
International Waters:
Land Desertification:
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